1. Socio-cultural features of a community.
These include the political, economic, ethnic and religious history of a community: norms and values, the degree of community integration, levels of crime, incivilities and other threats to personal safety, and networks of community support.
2. Physical features of the natural and built environment shared by all residents in a locality.
These include the quality of air and water, latitude, climate, etc. and are likely to be shared by neighborhoods across a wide area. Areas vary in their provision of decent housing, secure and non-hazardous employment, safe play areas for children.
2. Services provided, publicly or privately to support people in their daily lives.
These include education, transport, street cleaning and lighting, policing, health and welfare services. Again, how these affect people may depend on personal circumstances.
4. The participation of citizens in community life.
How areas are perceived, by their residents, by service or amenity planners and providers, by banks and investors, may influence the infrastructure of the area, the self-esteem and morale of the residents, and who moves in and out of the area.
5. Engagement of local and outside stakeholders to improve the community. Information, networking, looking forward.
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